Bouregois Essays - Social Classes, Bourgeoisie, Working Class

Bouregois History specialists have depicted the nineteenth century as a century possessed and worked by the average. They have depicted their impact as vital to the advancement of the mechanical unrest and the changing substance of government. While this announcement might be valid, it doesn't totally include the entirety of the classes that affected that timespan. Different classes, for example, the blue-bloods, regular workers, and even the proletariat impactsly affected the early and center phases of the mechanical upheaval. Their financial commitments just as their critical effect on the work of the period has their effect certain. In addition to the fact that they were pivotal in the advancement of the upheaval, it tends to be contended that the whole procedure probably won't have emerged. While there is no uncertainty that the bourgeoiss place in the nineteenth century was critical, the jobs of different classes, particularly the common laborers, must be considered so as to completely co mprehend the full effect of the mechanical upset. The blue-bloods end up being an administrative fortress in the nineteenth century. They held most significant government positions and served in numerous high seats above different classes. The middle class admired the blue-bloods and wanted to, at some point, become as incredible, if not more impressive than them. Despite the fact that the common was one class lower than the blue-bloods, they got a kick out of the chance to consider themselves however they were a piece of the blue-bloods and the exclusive classes. The blue-bloods looked down on the common as if they were attempting to emulate the most elevated positioning class in the social chain during the nineteenth century. Blue-bloods held administrative positions, for example, lords and place of lodge seats. They were basic in dynamic and in coming full circle their perspectives on what their countrys next move would be so as to guarantee a solid government and a solid, successfully run nation. The common was incapable in atte mpting to turn into the blue-blooded class. They went about as if they were world class, and wound up seeming as though they were despicable impersonations of the blue-bloods and I accept the blue-bloods didnt endure this excessively well. The average, as I would like to think, end up being poor pioneers that had one vision, to be careful reproductions of the highborn class. The blue-bloods additionally gave their assets in manners that the average class proved unable. The blue-bloods fundamentally subsidized the whole modern unrest. The mechanical insurgency implied tremendous changes all through Britain. This astonishing, prosperous insurgency was made conceivable by the blue-bloods. The blue-bloods benevolently gave their money related assets to the structure of production lines. The average additionally helped by subsidizing industrial facilities, however it was only for the cash. As I would like to think, the blue-bloods were all the more ready to surrender their cash for the prosperity of the nation. Different classes engaged with the mechanical upheaval were the exceptionally significant regular workers and the laborers. The average workers may have been the most significant and prevalent class in the nineteenth century. The modern transformation could never have occurred without the financial assets from the blue-bloods and the laborers from the regular workers. They gave the nation a great many laborers whether they be high gifted or absolutely untalented. They were all ready to work and to make ready fo r industrialization yet to come. These laborers ventured off the ranch and into city existence without thinking back just for the expectation that they would work in a manufacturing plant and improve wages to help bolster their families. The common laborers strived to accomplish middle class status, buckling down regular. In this perspective, I feel that the middle class was powerful in that, without knowing it, they were good examples for the lower classes. Talented laborers came nearer to accomplishing their ideal status step by step, winning cash by using their ability. The common laborers helped the economy in Britain during the mechanical upheaval. By them going to work every day, they gave the nation products that could be sold abroad. In this way, by 1850, Britain was the wealthiest nation in the whole world. Beside the way that working conditions were poor, the average workers proceeded onward so as to accomplish their status of the middle class. Despite the fact that the

Discussion Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 17

Conversation Questions - Assignment Example the network just as that of its representatives, being straightforward in their tasks and guaranteeing that their activities don't hurt the network, its condition or its economy. These commitments guarantee that associations maintain uprightness in their activities and advantage their quick social orders (Paetzold, 2009). The methodology of the subsequent association has a few points of interest that incorporate making a positive picture of the association to people in general. Also, this methodology can be utilized as an advertising technique to arrive at progressively potential clients. The primary bit of leeway of the methodology taken by the principal association is that it limits on costs. Notwithstanding, the methodology may make a negative picture of the association. An organization’s duties inside a network vary from an individual’s obligations in a few different ways. While an association is at risk for all the moves that its workers make for its benefit, this isn't the situation with singular obligations. This makes the duties of an association to have a more extensive degree than those of people. Also, an association, in contrast to people, dangers causing enormous monetary misfortunes on the off chance that it neglects to watch its obligations. Singular obligations, then again, have minimal monetary or financial orientation on people (Paetzold,

How to Spot Fraud Using Forensic Accounting

How to Spot Fraud Using Forensic Accounting Fraud is a serious problem companies need to prepare for.It can have a devastating effect on a business and damage the company’s reputation and workers’ morale aside from the obvious financial damage.So, what can companies do to detect fraud?In this guide, I’ll be outlining one popular way to spotting fraud: use of forensic accounting.What is forensic accounting and what is fraud all about?I’ll provide an overview of the concepts along with the techniques and processes used by forensic accounting to identify whether fraud has occurred.WHAT IS FORENSIC ACCOUNTING?Let’s break down the term forensic accounting first.According to Merriam-Webster, ‘forensic’ means, “relating to or dealing with the application of scientific knowledge to legal problems”.Therefore, when we combine it with the word ‘accounting’, we have a scientific study of accounting and any possible legal breaches within it.Essentially, the objective of forensic accounting is to analyze accounting pro cedures and findings and examine whether they are valid in the eyes of the law.You can, perhaps, understand the field better when you consider when forensic accounting takes place. Not all accounting is forensic â€" forensic accountants are called upon when there is a litigation happening or when litigation is expected to take place.Forensic accounting is most used to solve disputes and find answers â€" if things don’t add up in the accounting, for example.It is used, therefore, to investigate and analyze the financial activities of an entity and determine if there has been malpractice, either intentional or not.Forensic accounting is used to determine:How â€" The way in which the divergence has taken place.Where â€" At what point of the procedural chain has the divergence occurred.What â€" Is the divergence an intentional or not.Why â€" The motive or reason for the divergence, especially in terms of intentional divergence.Who â€" The person or other entity that is at fault.Now, f orensic accounting is useful for finding out whether fraud has taken place in the business.However, forensic accounting doesn’t just deal with fraud, but it can also be used in other non-fraud situations to determine the full picture of the financial matters.Whether forensic accounting finds fraud or is even supposed to look into possible fraud, the objective is to find and present evidence that could stand in front of the law.The process is aimed at finding evidence that can be presented in court in order to debate and dispute a resolution â€" for example, convict a company or a person for fraud.You can get more insight into forensic accounting by watching this short clip about a typical workday in the life of a forensic accountant: WHERE CAN FRAUD OCCUR?Fraud seems such a big word to use.To most of us, the word is something distant and the event of fraud is something that happens to others and not us.Since it seems such a drastic thing â€" fraud even sounds dramatic â€" it’s e asy to think it wouldn’t happen in your business.People in charge of small- or medium-sized businesses are especially shortsighted sometimes in terms of fraud.The truth is, fraud can happen anywhere. Small, big, new, old, international, local, brick-and-mortar, or online-only; your company could be faced with fraud and you should be aware of it, rather than hide from it.The nature of the fraud will depend on what your business does, as well as the kind of opportunities that are available to exploit.However, there are a few common areas of fraud.Fraud commonly takes place in situations of:Employees abusing their position. It could be a matter of hiding or changing information in order to benefit from the situation. For example, an employee might claim they’ve conducted work on things they haven’t actually worked on.Third-party suppliers or other business partners taking advantage of their position. The fraud can also be external â€" a supplier might lie about the number of prod ucts they are supplying, for example.Theft of confidential information that occurs either internally (someone in the organization stealing) or externally (an outsider steals information; an example could be hacking). Sensitive information can be stolen by an employee or an outsider and then used to damage the business.The above examples highlight the areas in which fraud often occurs.Since the avenues for the possibility of fraud are rather varied, it’s important that companies take it seriously.Creating business relationships that are built on trust is essential, but every company also needs proper checks and balances to limit the risk of fraud.Simply thinking it would never happen for your business is not solid protection against fraud.WHAT CONSTITUTES AS FRAUD?While fraud can happen in any kind of business, it’s important to also understand what actually constitutes as a fraud. Merriam-Webster defines fraud as:“intentional perversion of truth in order to induce another to p art with something of value or to surrender a legal right”“an act of deceiving or misrepresenting”From the above, two things point out in terms of what is fraud.First, the act must be conscious and intentional â€" unwittingly writing an extra zero in the income bracket is not fraud; if you do it intentionally, it is.The second point is about the act leading to a gain, which could be financial but it doesn’t have to be so.The act must provide some kind of benefit to the person or entity doing it or infringe on the legal rights of someone else.Now, the specific definition of fraud in the eyes of the law can vary from country to country. Nonetheless, those two points generally always appear in the legal definition in one form or another.With all of that in mind, three core elements can help you understand whether something is fraudulent or not. These are:The law of the land will determine whether the act constitutes as fraud. This is always determined on a case-by-case basis an d the available definitions and test cases will be set out by the regional or national court under which the business operations would fall into. Forensic accounting would always use this legal definition of fraud as the basis for determining whether there has been fraud or not.The auditor cannot determine what constitutes as fraud. The forensic accounting team is not to make judgments or determine if fraud has taken place â€" it’s role is only to investigate and present evidence to the court of law, which makes the ultimate decision.Fraud always requires intention. In all events, fraud cannot take place without intention and part of the forensic accounting team’s job is to find if there is enough evidence to show there has been an intentional effort to change, tweak or other how mishandle the information.WHEN CAN FORENSIC ACCOUNTING BE USED?With all that in mind, when can forensic accounting be used to spot a fraud?There are essentially two clear cases in which forensic account ing is the perfect tool for detecting fraud and presenting evidence that it might have happened.Forensic accounting can be used in situations where there is a possibility of fraudulent accounting and reporting. This would occur if a company suspects that an employee or a third-party supplier has been doing something illegal.The problem could be spotted by the accounting team within the company and reported to management.The possibility of fraud can also be something spotted by an outside â€" for example, during a random audit or when annual taxes are being checked by the authorities.Once a possibility of fraud has been established, the forensic accounting team is called in to investigate the situation.As noted above, the forensic accountant won’t make a judgment on whether the fraud took place, so at this point, legal teams are involved in determining what happens with the evidence presented by the forensic accountant.The other case for seeking help with a forensic account is when there has been a clear misappropriation of assets.Again, this can be something directly spotted by the internal teams â€" accounting or likewise â€" or it can be noted by external entities. These are situations where the assets have been taken but the forensic accountant’s job is to find evidence to suggest or support the event has been fraudulent.For example, the company might notice it is missing part of its income and the forensic accounting team will begin investigating whether there has been fraud or just another unintentional error in reporting.THE PROCESS OF USING FORENSIC ACCOUNTING TO SPOT FRAUDSo, forensic accounting can be used when there’s a suspicion or strong possibility of fraud.But what about the process?How does forensic accounting go about finding evidence to support either argument?Essentially, forensic accounting uses processes similar to a normal audit â€" it follows four specific steps in order to draw its conclusions.Planning the investigationFirst, the i nvestigation must be planned.Forensic accounting requires the use of forensic accountants, which have to be hired from outside of the firm to ensure partiality in the investigation.Once the investigators have been found and hired, the forensic accounting team can start preparing for the investigation.The team generally starts by laying out the objectives it wants to achieve. These are the how, what, where, when and why of the investigation, which I’ve already outlined above.Forensic accounting will look at each objective and identify the different ways these can be achieved and how evidence can best be identified and gathered.At this point, the team will create a schedule of operating and determine who is in charge of which part of the investigation (in case a bigger team is needed).Gathering evidenceThe second part of the investigation process is the most demanding and long-lasting.It is about gathering the evidence to disprove or prove the action of fraud.The focus at this point is on ensuring there is enough evidence for the courts to make a decision â€" the how, what, where, when and why are at the heart of this process, with each method and technique used to find information on these points.There are a number of techniques forensic accounting can use to gather evidence.The three most common techniques in terms of identifying fraud will be outlined in the next section.But to give you an idea on what happens during the process, here are a few evidence gathering things forensic accountants might use:Using testing controls to identify weaknesses in the system and noticing how and why the fraud could have taken place.Utilizing analytical procedures to compare trends in the data and making comparisons between different areas of the business to spot deviations.Interviewing employees and other key members that could have information regarding the fraud.Taking advantage of computer assisted auditing software to identify issues of timing and other relevant data i ssues.Opting for substantive techniques, which include things such as cash or asset counts.Reporting the findingsOnce the forensic accounting team has been able to gather all the evidence, they will need to report the findings.The report is often used for determining whether legal action shall be brought forward or if there is no evidence to suggest fraud has taken place.The main function of the report is to summarize the evidence and to provide a conclusion whether the deviation or loss of assets was due to fraud or not. You will also be able to read an answer to the core questions â€" how the fraud took place and when it is suspected to have happened, for example.The report is often also used for identifying possible recommendations for strengthening the accounting in the business and preventing future frauds.Dealing with possible court proceedingsThe fourth step in the process can technically be obsolete if the report doesn’t find any evidence to back up a claim of fraud.Howeve r, if fraud is still suspected, the forensic accounting has to be prepared to deal with the possible court proceedings.Team members will in most cases need to be part of those proceedings and they are often called to testify and explain the evidence to the jury and judge.The forensic accounting team has to be able to provide and present the evidence in a way that is accessible to the wider audience â€" the judge and the jury might not have specialist knowledge of accounting and thus the evidence must be laid out in layman’s terms.THREE FORENSIC ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES TO DETECT FRAUDWhen it comes to detecting fraud, there are three forensic accounting techniques used. These are data mining with computers, review of other documents using various methods and conducting interviews.Data mining with computersData mining is about looking for anomalies, trends and patterns in the data relating to the business and its finances.These could include the digital accounting files available or fi les and datasets relating to products, suppliers and so on.As the world is increasingly moving from traditional paper filing to digital filing, data mining is becoming a more important tool for forensic accountants.The data mining is often done with automated software that has been designed to notice anomalies or patterns. Occasionally, a person reviews the data and the forensic accounting team studies any noticeable differences further.A big part of the data mining involves around the concept of Metadata. This is the information related to the organizations computer programs and the specific files used. Metadata is used to identify things like:The date when the file was created and whether it had been modified.The location of the file and whether it has changed.The identity of the person who has modified and changed information or the location.Finding and understanding the trail of the digital files is important because it can reveal fraud.For example, if the financial figures are wrong, data mining can identify whether they have been wrong since the start (i.e. possibly as a result of a typing mistake) or if they have been tampered with later (i.e. changed to create stronger income figures and thus pointing to a fraudulent and intentional action).Aside from the metadata, forensic accounting also uses data mining to review the information in the file and the patterns revealed by data.Forensic accountants can spot fraud by data mining with actions like:Evaluating the frequency of payments and consistency of financial figures.Finding gaps in ledgers or missing data files or information.Examining the vendor and supplier information, including addresses.Data mining also utilizes different mathematical formulas for spotting fraud. Among the most popular is the Benford’s Law. The technique is explained further in the video below: Data mining is performed on any computer or another device that is used by the organization and which could include information that mi ght help the forensic accounting team.These include things like personal computers, network servers, answering machines, digital cameras, fax machines, printers, GPS systems and so on.Reviewing other documentsOf course, information isn’t always in digital format and forensic accounting has to use document reviewing strategies to spot fraud. Reviewing physical documents can be tricky for the forensic team because they need to ensure they follow the right legal procedures in accessing, storing and managing these files.For example, they can’t illegally obtain business documents and then use them to accuse the business of fraud â€" everything has to follow the correct and legal route.Generally, when the forensic team receives an invitation to perform the investigation, a legal contract is formed that issues the forensic accounting team with the rights and responsibilities regarding the documents.In certain instances, the contract also has to deal with the proceedings for digital doc uments and any documents that might be accessed on employee premises.Interestingly, a big part of the document review is identifying the carbon copy of these documents. This means checking whether the documents have been modified after the date they are meant to have formed or simply added in later.Let’s say an employee would try to tamper with sales numbers, he or she might re-print the invoices with different figures.The review of other documents uses similar techniques to above in finding trends and patterns.Reviewing will be more laborious if it has to be done manually but forensic accounting teams often scan and create digital data files of the documents to allow data mining.Conducting interviewsBut forensic accounting doesn’t just have to rely on data. Talking to employees and other key parties is another crucial technique to help identify data.For example, by interviewing the organization and the supplier, different stories of the invoicing procedure might come up and poi nt to the system being fraudulent. Indeed, sometimes the fear of the investigation can make people talk and admit fraud â€" helping the forensic team to find the answers to the questions they might have.Again, it’s crucial to ensure the interviews are conducted professionally and within the legal boundaries of the country.The process must be coordinated with the legal teams and generally, there has to be some kind of record of the interview (this can be used in the court as evidence, rather than have a situation of ‘he said, she said’). The purpose of the interview is to identify the following things, which could point out a possibility of fraud:Knowledge of the information being examined.Opportunities to change, swap or manipulate data.Understanding of the procedures being used in the organization.The forensic accounting team has to be good at communicating with people and use a logical approach to getting to the bottom of things.It’s important to realize that you might not receive a pure admission of guilt â€" the person’s unusual behavior might be a sign there is something suspicious going on that needs to be investigated.CONCLUDING REMARKSFraud is not just something that occurs in big, popular companies. It can happen to small or big businesses in all industries.Detecting it can be difficult but forensic accounting provides quite a good number of solutions to identifying whether a fraudulent activity has taken place.It uses modern technology in the form of data mining to notice anomalies and patterns in data.But it also helps spot fraud by focusing on the people involved in the situation â€" using documents and interviews to see whether things are out of the ordinary.It is essentially picking the pieces apart and seeing whether putting them back together leads to the same results or if things are out of the ordinary.

Do Violent Video Games Make People More Violent - 1277 Words

Do Violent Video Games Make People More Violent in Real Life? The American Psychological Association reports that more than 90% of children in the United States play video games.Among kids between the ages of 12 and 17, the number rises to 97%. The psychological group also reported that 85% or more of video games on the market contain some form of violence (Do Video Games Lead to Violence). A video game may be considered violent if it contains â€Å"violent† language, gore/blood, and crime. Video games are given parental levels of what age is mature enough to play that game. A video game with a higher parental level should be played by a more mature audience. In today’s society there may of kids under the age of 17 playing these â€Å"Rated M for†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"You are there.†(What Science Knows About Video Games and Violence). After twelve minutes of this mission, you’ve gunned down 21 people and one dog. Most fall amidst head-shot geysers of blood. Some unknown number have been killed by rock et launcher or machine gun, their deaths lost in the haze. Every now and then, blood spatters onto the screen, as if in your eyes. It’s a bloodfest. It’s also glorious fun, a well-designed piece of action-hero arcade blockbuster thumb candy. For the very same reasons it’s so appealing, it’s difficult not to be troubled, too. It is possible, even likely, that so much vicarious slaughter ever bleeds into the psyches of at least some people who play these games (What Science Knows About Video Games and Violence?)? Another violent video game that has been reported is Mortal Kombat. In 1993, public outcry following the release of a violent video Mortal Kombat prompted Congress to hold hearings on regulating the sale of video games. During the hearings, California Attorney General Dan Lungren testified that violent video games have â€Å"a desensitizing impact on young, impressionable minds† (Do Violent Video Games Contribute to Youth Violence?). Violent video games like the Grand Theft Auto games have made children become immune to watching violence. While most people can agree that too much â€Å"gaming† isn’t good for children, a growing body of research takes it a step further concluding that escalatingShow MoreRelatedViolent Video Games1485 Words   |  6 PagesHow does violence in video games affect people? Sometimes people think about video games and think oh no big deal but there is a lot that goes into them and they can have different effects on people. Violent video games have the most effect on people and most of them are negative. Educational games tend to have the best effect on people and can help them. Many people argue both sides and do not see them for what they are and think my kids won’t be affected but they will as more articles state and discussRead MoreShould Violent Video Games Be Ban? Essay617 Words   |  3 PagesViolent video game had been a problem in the Unite States. Many people believe that violent video games should be banned, claiming they have negative effects on people.Violent video game is not like the real-world. Video games have become not only a form of entertainment, but also another way for people to escape reality and to enter their own virtual fantasy. James Gee explains that, if you blame violent video games for horrific events that have occurred is much like putting the blame on food forRead More Video Games Violence Essay1580 Words   |  7 Pageschild has played video games once in their lives. There are various genres and types of video games such as action, first person shooters, adventure, education, role-playing, strategy, and many more. 89% of video games contain some violent content (Slife, 2008). The most addictive, common, and popular video games among children are the violent video games (Slife, 2008). A lot of video games these days depict â€Å"real-life violence† meaning that the settings and plots of these video games are taken fromRead MoreEssay on Do Video Games Cause Behavior Problem1448 Words   |  6 PagesMr. Osso March 9, 2011 Do Video Games Cause Behavior Problems? Video games do cause aggression. The most games that cause aggression is games rating with M for mature games. About 90 percent of U.S kids from ages 8 to 17 play video games usually show more aggression after play a violent video games. Everyday odds are you are going to have more aggression while playing a violent video game with the Rating M for mature or higher. Even though video games are a big part in teens. Some parentsRead MoreVideo Games : Video Game Violence1502 Words   |  7 Pages2013 Video Game Violence The evolution of video games has taken a drastic change since the 1970’s when video games were first introduced. Since then every decade video games have become more violent in nature with strong language and realistic to suit society today. Craig Anderson states that with more violence in video games they would sell better than games with less violence (Anderson, Gentile, and Beckley pg.5). Violent video games really became popular when the first person shooter games wereRead MoreHow Does One Define Violence?1595 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence? Is it by the amount of blood and gore shown? How about how people are acting towards other people, hitting, kicking, shooting? Or is it based on the language used? These are all ways that people may describe violence in the media. According to dictionary.com, the word violent is described as when someone or something is acting with or  characterized  by  uncontrolled, strong,  rough  force. When looking at this definition, w hat how do you define rough? Violence is one of those things that can be seenRead MoreVideo Games And Youth Violence1181 Words   |  5 PagesOver the past few centuries,video games have become a great leisure and hobby among kids of all ages and cultures. With the advancement of technology, video games have advanced highly in its realism and genres. This high type of advancement brought the video game industry to a multi-billion dollar industry. However, with realism, comes negative effects as well. Ever since the creation of violent or â€Å"mature† video games, there has been a constant debate on whether it will increase violence in theRead MoreViolent Video Games Lead to Violence Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pagesbecoming more violent. Some worry that certain aspects of our technology, including the intenseness of violent video games, are affecting the violence among America’s youth, while others don’t see this as an issue at all. A study done in 2004, Factor s Correlated with Violent Video Games Use by Adolescent Boys and Girls, reported that boys in grades seventh and eighth played violent video games to either release their anger or help them relax. According to the suggestion that video games act as aRead MoreVideo Game : Video Games1658 Words   |  7 PagesVideo games first entered into the world around the 1970s, while the violence started occurring in the games about 20 years later (Anderson and Bushman 354). Some of the first violent video games included â€Å"Mortal Kombat, Street Fighter, and Wolfenstein 3D† which had amazing effects that were top notch at the time (Anderson and Bushman 354). Wolfenstein 3D was the first big video game that gave gamers the opportunity to shoot in the first person point of view (Anderson, Buckley, and Gentile 5). OverRead MoreVideo Game : Video Games1584 Words   |  7 Pagesthe violent video games that are commonly played by boys and girls, young and old alike in today’s societ y. Many experts fear that this violence in video games increases violence in people in real life, causing people to act out as if they were in the video game, increasing aggressive behavior so much that it could actually escalate to shooting, stabbing, and killing people. There have already been many cases of these extreme examples of violence in the news that share a connection with video games

Hispanic Groups and Discrimination - 974 Words

Running Head: HISPANIC GROUPS AND DISCRIMINATION Hispanic Groups and Discrimination Abstract This paper discusses the immigration of Hispanics to the United States in which they faced prejudice, segregation and racism. We will discuss such topics as dual labor market, affirmative actions, quotas, instructional discrimination, reverse discrimination, glass ceilings, glass walls and glass escalators. â€Å"Hispanic workers are among the fastest growing segments of the U.S. labor force,† said Jesse Caballero, Senior Career Advisor for empleosCB.com, a subsidiary of CareerBuilder.com focused on online job search for the Hispanic community. â€Å"They are also among the two groups reporting the highest levels of severe discrimination in the†¦show more content†¦Both services seek to ensure that, in terms of race and ethnicity, the group of officers commissioned in the year 2000 roughly reflects the overall population: 12 percent African American, 12 percent Hispanic, and 5 percent Asian. Department of the Navy officials point out that this represents a signifi cantly more aggressive goal than had been the case, when the focus for comparison had been on college graduates; the more aggressive goal implies vigorous outreach and other efforts. Moreover, the Navy and the Marine Corps have set specific year-by-year targets for meeting the 12/12/5 goal.† (1995) When taking affirmative action, one must be careful not to establish quotas. This would start to become the glass ceiling, glass walls, or glass escalator. When a corporation, military, or business starts to promote unqualified minorities to fill a quota, that is just a bad and discriminatory as being racist or profiling. There has been great strides taken to counter discrimination in all ethnic groups, but there is a long way ahead of society. I can identify with the minority groups. A study was conducted by Alfred W. and Ruth G. Blumrosen that states, â€Å"We have reached two key findings that suggest that Hispanics continue to be seriously discriminated against in employme nt throughout the country. †¢ For 1999, 19,174 or 35% ofShow MoreRelatedThe Factors Affecting Minority Groups Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Racism has consistently affected African Americans, Asians, Latinos/Hispanics, Caribbean, Etc. Many researchers argue about the many factors affecting minority groups in society due to racism. Racism can have direct and indirect effects on a minority population. All the groups listed are all known as minorities within the United States and their socioeconomic standards. Socioeconomic status, also known as (SES), is a way used to classify many American citizens into different classesRead MoreRacial Discrimination : The Worst Form Of Inequality1388 Words   |  6 Pagessaid â€Å"The worst form of inequality is to try to make unequal things equal.† Racial discrimination occurs everyday to many different people. In America,the individuals who are usually discriminated against are the minorities like African Americans and Hispanics. Affirmative action is a policy that was created and has been claimed to be positive discrimination. The policy was created to give equal opportunity to groups of people who are usually discriminated against. Although Affirmative action hasRead MoreEliminating Discrimination In The Workplace Essay examples1694 Words   |  7 Pagesto suggest different methods that can possibly reduce discrimination and prejudice in the workplace. Is it possible however to make everyone get along and ignore their differences? According to the growing research on discrimination and prejudice, these are learned behaviors that with practice can be unlearned, and ultimately eliminated (Baron Branscombe, 2012, p. 195). Discrimination is defined as the negative treatment of different groups: Prejudice, on the other hand is viewed as the negativeRead MoreThe Hispanic-American Experience1695 Words   |  7 Pagesmost Hispanic-Americans, the goal was the same. Hispanic-Americans come from a variety of different Spanish-speaking countries. Just as the wave of immigrants from Europe came to the United States of America in the late 1800s and early 1900s, Hispanics came from places like Mexico, South and Central America, and the Caribbean Islands. Although everyone came with the same goal in mind, to make sure their families would have a better life in a new environment, each subgroup within the Hispanic communityRead MoreRacial Diversity by Nancy Devan1417 Words   |  6 Pagesmost members of this group? The  United States  is a  diverse  country,  racially  and  ethnically. Six races  are officially recognized: White, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and people of two or more races; a race called Some other race is also used in the census and other surveys, but is not official. The United States Census Bureau also classifies Americans as Hispanic or Latino and Not Hispanic or Latino, which identifiesHispanicRead MoreMinorities695 Words   |  3 Pagesmillion people currently living in the U.S. are the White race; this is the case in 49 of the fifty states, with the exception of Hawaii. White race includes both Hispanic Americans and Non Hispanic Americans. The Hispanic Americans hold the highest portion of the population in the Midwest of the United States, while the Non-Hispanics make about 79 percent of our population. The common ancestries are from Europe and the Middle East. They cam e to North America and homesteaded here learning from theRead MorePolitics And Its Impact On Hispanics941 Words   |  4 Pagesare: a. Population- The Hispanic population increase of 15.2 million between 2000 and 2010 constituted over half of the 27.3 million increase in the total population of the United States. During that time, the Hispanic population grew by a full 43 percent, which was four times the growth in the overall population growth of 10 percent. The reason why people care about the Latino vote is because of their growth in numbers. However, for many low-income, low-education Hispanics, their focus is survivalRead MoreEssay on Racism and The Latino Community1382 Words   |  6 Pagespast many stood up for equality and to stop racism and discrimination, it still occurs. In this nation of freedom and equality, there are still many people who believe that their race is superior to others. These beliefs are the ones that destroy our nation and affect the lives of many. The people affected are not limited by their age group, sex, social status, or by their education level. Their beliefs can cause them to attack other groups verbally or in silence and even reaching to the point ofRead MoreBilingual Language Within The United States And Its Effect On The Hispanic Population On Language And Traditions1130 Words   |  5 Pagesin the United States and the influence the Hispanic population on language and traditions are immense. There has been debate for and against English-only language or bilingualism. The issue with language goes beyond immigration issue. The reality is that language discrimination in the work place or even in society have affected the dominant and minority group. In addition, the influence on the cultural traditions and celebrations have impacted both groups in several ways. The issue of language andRead MoreThe New Immigrant Worker : The Effect Of Skin Color And Height, By Joni Hersch Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesFrom evidence based practice, it has been proven that racism and discrimination is evident in our society. As defined by Webster’s Dictionary, â€Å"racism is the poor treatment or violence against people because of their race; and discrimination is the unfairly treatment of a person or group of people differently from other people or groups of people† (Merriam Webster, 2015). When immigrants settle into America, they are pursuing happiness, sovereignty and a new beginning. However, for countless immigrants

Consumer Buying Behavior for Life Insurance Free Essays

string(224) " player also to enter the Indian field; and made some provision for foreign insurance companies that if they want to enter the Indian market they can do so but to the extent of 26 % of share only with any of Indian partner\." Consumer buying behavior is nothing but their needs, which arouse them to buy. There is hierarchy of need from high level to low level. They initiate to buy their high level need after completed that they move for another need. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Buying Behavior for Life Insurance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Consumers 1st recognize their need or problem then gather information about that product. They get many alternatives regarding that product then they evaluate each and every criterion, which give them bundle of attribute towards that product. Now they choose among one of them to buy and they make decision to buy that product. There are some factors influence them to buy. These are cultural factor, social factor and demographic factors. ? Culture factors include their region, culture and their social classes, which is based on their education and occupation. ? Social factors include reference, groups and family, which influence them to buy according to their choice. People buy product according to its role and status. ? Demographic factors includes age group, personality, occupation, life style etc. people buy product according to under comes all these factors. Introduction Insurance has got its origin from the concept of Indemnity. Indemnity against to loss, it has occurred due to some unavoidable circumstances. To some, the concept of insurance has got its origin related to the uncertainty in the life. Uncertainty has been the integral part of everyone’s life, be the uncertainty in terms of money, uncertainty in terms of life etc. Throughout the tenure every other individual’s effort is directed towards avoiding this uncertainty. The concept of insurance has got its origin from this very effort of avoiding the uncertainty. Though it is not possible to avoid the uncertainty, it is highly possible to compensate the loss, which has occurred VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 6 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY due to happening of this uncertainty. This compensation of unavoidable circumstances (uncertainty), which has occurred, is known as Insurance. It is the pooling of funds by many to compensate the loss of few, whereby many individuals pool themselves together to create a fund in order to compensate the loss that has occurred to the few. Insurance as we know today can be traced to the Great Fire of London which, in 1666 AD, destroyed 13200 houses. In the aftermath of this disaster, Nicholas Barbon opened an office to insure buildings. In 1680, he established England’s first fire insurance company, â€Å"The Fire Office†, to insure brick and frame homes. Gradually the concept of insurance came to be understood as a contract that offered the purchaser protection against the financial loss due to specific incident. Since the risk of financial loss was to be spread amongst the large group of people, the extent of financial loss, In the event of mishap occurred, became less devastating to the individual. Though the concept of insurance is old as history of mankind, back to some 6000 years, it got its presence registered in India somewhere in 1818 with opening up of Oriental Life Insurance Company in Calcutta by Europeans. During those years Indians were considered as substandard and they were forced to give high premium on account of their low profile. However with the continuous effort of few eminent people Indians were later considered as of equal status and they were charged the normal rate, at par with the Europeans. This was majorly due to the establishment of first Indian life Insurance company, Bombay Mutual Life Assurance society in the year 1870. Later on the development of Indian life insurance industry was more fired by the patriotic sentiments and gave rise to number of Indian life insurance companies viz. United India in Madras, National Indian and National Insurance in Calcutta and the Co-operative Assurance at Lahore were amongst those company which was formed to treat the Indian populace at par. With increase in the pressure from Indian intellect, to give the Indian Insurance industry an organized structure, Government of India was forced to pass Life insurance Companies act, 1912 and Provident Fund act. But this was not the end to the suffering of Indian populace that even this act recognized the demarcation between the Europeans and Indian while charging the premium, then came the act of 1938 which not only governed the Life Insurance Industry but also had its spread VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 7 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY to the Non life Insurance Industry. With the increase in atrocities from all these companies, the demand to amend the prevailing act of 1938 assumed velocity. Thus in the year 1956 the act was passed as Life Insurance Corporation act, 1956 on 19th June, 1956 which called for nationalization of all the Insurance company working in India under one name as Life insurance corporation of India (hereafter LIC). Thus LIC was formed on 1st September 1956, with an objective to spread life insurance especially in rural areas as a mean to provide the protection cover to the life of Indian populace and as tool to help them in the time of financial need at a reasonable cost. Till 1999 LIC was the only life insurance player in Indian Life Insurance field, when government of India decided to amend the then prevailing act prohibiting the private life insurance player to enter the Indian market. It was Insurance Regulatory Authority, 1999 (IRA) that gave the freedom the private players to play in the field. But the basic motive for introducing such an act was not fulfilled as the amended act was meant for only regulation purpose only and not as a development tool and hence the act was further modified to add the element of development to the concept and thus came the current prevailing act i. . Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA), 1999. It was further amended to incorporate the element of competitiveness. Thus Government of India via IRDA permitted the private Life Insurance player also to enter the Indian field; and made some provision for foreign insurance companies that if they want to enter the Indian market they can do so but to the ex tent of 26 % of share only with any of Indian partner. You read "Consumer Buying Behavior for Life Insurance" in category "Life" Today almost 15 private life insurance companies are working India, some in wholly owned format and some as a joint venture with foreign company or with Indian company. Together they hold the market share of approx. 24 % in life insurance market. Still LIC holds the kingship with almost 76 % of market share. That’s the good news for the LIC people on one part but on another aspect if we deal that shows the pace at which the private life insurance companies are moving, they are defiantly going to give the tough fight to LIC. The leadership lies not in getting the maximum out of market share but it is there somewhere in understanding the reason for the choice of one product over another one. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 8 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY Consumer hierarchy of needIt is important to understand the relevance of human needs to buyer behavior remember, marketing is about satisfying needs). Need as a physiological or psychological deficiency a person feels the compulsion to safety, suggesting that need creates tension that can influence a person’s work attitudes and behavior. Customers set an order for their needs from high level – low level need. They prefer 1st, which is most essential for them, after completed that, they give privilege to next need. There are five needs exist in a hierarchy – Need- Physiological needs such as food, air, water, heat, and the basic necessities of survival need to be satisfied. Safety -Need for a secure environment, protection and stability in the events of day to day’s life, Such as life insurance. It make people tension free about any risk at their life. Society- At the third level we meet our social and belongingness needs i. e. we marry, or join groups of friends, etc. person paying tax according to their income, feels the social responsibility and acceptance by society as a good citizen. Life insurance is also a part of the social needs, which reduce the tax and also cover the risk with the attribution of facilities towards plans. Esteem- Esteem means that you achieve something that makes you recognized and gives personal satisfaction, example writing a book, investment for family obligation or have a pension plan for support at future, which arise self respect insight a person. Self actualization – Self actualization is achieved by few. Here a person is one of a small number to actually do something. For example, Neil Armstrong self-actualized as the first person to reach the Moon. The study of how and why people purchase goods and services is termed consumer buying behavior. The term covers the decision-making processes from those that precede the purchase of goods or services to the final experience of using the product or service. Models of consumer VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 9 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY buying behavior draw together the various influences on, and the process of, the buying decision. They attempt to understand what happens within the consumer between his or her exposure to marketing stimuli and the actual decision to purchase. Characteristics of Indian consumer behavior The Indian consumers are noted for the high degree of value orientation. Such orientation to value has labeled Indians as one of the most discerning consumers in the world. Even, luxury brands have to design a unique pricing strategy in order to get a foothold in the Indian market. Indian consumers have a high degree of family orientation. This orientation in fact, extends to the extended family and friends as well. Brands with identities that support family values tend to be popular and accepted easily in the Indian market. Indian consumers are also associated with values of nurturing, care and affection. These values are far more dominant that values of ambition and achievement. Product which communicate feelings and emotions†¦ What is insurance? Insurance is a policy from a large financial institution that offers a person, company, or other entity reimbursement or financial protection against possible future losses or damages. The meaning of insurance is important to understand for anybody that is considering buying an insurance policy or simply understanding the basics of finance. Insurance is a hedging Instrument used as a precautionary measure against future contingent losses. This instrument is used for managing the possible risks of the future. What is life insurance? Life Insurance is the key to good financial planning. On one hand, it safeguards your money and on the other, ensures its growth, thus providing you with complete financial well being. Life Insurance can be termed as an agreement between the policy owner and the insurer, where the insurer for a consideration agrees to pay a sum of money upon the occurrence of the insured individual’s or individuals’ death or other event, such as terminal illness, critical illness or VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 10 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY maturity of the policy. Life insurance plans, unlike mutual funds, are beneficial when you look at them as a long term avenue of investment which also offers protection through life cover. Life insurance policies are broadly categorized into two Types- Traditional Plans ? Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs) Traditional planTraditional policies offer in-built guarantees and define maturity benefits through variety of products such as guaranteed maturity value. The investment risk in traditional life insurance policies is borne by life insurance companies. Additionally, the investment decisions are regulated to a large extent by IRDA rules and regulations, ensuring stable returns with minimal risk. Investment income is distributed amongst the policy holders through annual bonus. These policies are ideal for policy holders who are not market savvy and do not wish to take investment risks. Term planTerm Insurance helps the customers in safeguarding their families from financial worries that rise due to unfortunate circumstances. Term plans are pure risk cover plans with or without maturity benefits. These pure risk plans cover your life at a nominal cost Term plans also let you avail the benefit to cover your outstanding debts like mortgage, home loan etc. In case of something happens to you, the financial burden is borne by the insurance company and not your loved ones. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 11 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY Term plan offers following benefits? High insurance Cover at lower costs ? Financial security against loans and mortgages, ? Single premium payment option available Whole life policy? As the name suggests, a Whole Life Policy is an insurance cover against death, irrespective of when it happens. ? Under this plan, the policyholder pays regular premiums until his death, following which the money is handed over to his family. Endowment policyCombining risk cover with financial savings, endowment policies is the most popular policies in the world of life insurance. In an Endowment Policy, the sum assured is payable even if the insured survives the policy term. ? If the insured dies during the tenure of the policy, the insurance firm has to pay the sum assured just as any other pure risk cover. ? A pure endowment policy is also a form of financial saving, whereby if the person covered remains alive beyond the tenure of the policy; he gets back the sum assured with some other investment be nefits. In addition to the basic policy, insurers offer various benefits such as double endowment and marriage/education endowment plans. The cost of such a policy is slightly higher but worth its value. Money back policy? These policies are structured to provide sums required as anticipated expenses (marriage, education etc) over a stipulated period of time. With inflation becoming a big issue, companies have realized that sometimes the money value of the policy is eroded. That is VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 12 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY why with-profit policies are also being introduced to offset some of the losses incurred on account of inflation. ? A portion of the sum assured is payable at regular intervals. On survival the remainder of the sum assured is payable. ? ? In case of death, the full sum assured is payable to the insured. The premium is payable for a particular period of time. Annuities and pensionIn an annuity, the insurer agrees to pay the insured a stipulated sum of money periodically. The purpose of an annuity is to protect against risk as well as provide money in the form of pension at regular intervals. Over the years, insurers have added various features to basic insurance policies in order to address specific needs of a cross section of people. ULIP planUnit linked insurance plan (ULIP) is life insurance solution that provides for the benefits of risk protection and flexibility in investment. The investment is denoted as units and is represented by the value that it has attained called as Net Asset Value (NAV). The policy value at any time varies according to the value of the underlying assets at the time. In a ULIP, the invested amount of the premiums after deducting for all the charges and premium for risk cover under all policies in a particular fund as chosen by the policy holders are pooled together to form a Unit fund. A Unit is the component of the Fund in a Unit Linked Insurance Policy. The returns in a ULIP depend upon the performance of the fund in the capital market. ULIP investors have the option of investing across various schemes, i. e. , diversified equity funds, balanced funds, debt funds etc. It is important to remember that in a ULIP, the investment risk is generally borne by their investor. Life insurance companies in IndiaIn India, Insurance is a national matter, in which life and general insurance is yet a booming sector with huge possibilities for different global companies, as life insurance premiums ccount to 2. 5% and general insurance premiums account to 0. 65% of India’s GDP. The Indian Insurance sector has gone through several phases and changes, especially after 1999, when the Govt. of VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 13 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY India opened up the insurance sector for private companies to solicit insuran ce, allowing FDI up to 26%. Since then, the Insurance sector in India is considered as a flourishing market amongst global insurance companies. However, the largest life insurance company in India is still owned by the government. Top 5 life insurance Company in India? Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC): This remains the largest insurance company in India and is owned by the government. In 2008, LIC accounted for 64 percent market share. Although it is still the market leader, the company has to battle against the innovative strategies and better sales force of private enterprises. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) registered an 83 per cent increase in new business income in March 2010, while private players posted a 47 per cent growth in new business premium. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance: This life insurance companies has attracted a loyal customer base with great customer support and a wide range of cheap policies to choose from. ? Bajaj Allianz general Insurance: This private company has been rising steadily in terms of market capture. It now sells the second most number of insurance policies in India after LIC and has been growing at a fast pace since 2006. ? Birla Sun Life Insurance: Thi s Company has played its cards well. It offers a variety of insurance policies for the customers to choose from, provides them with attractive deals and offers great customer service and support. There is no reason why people shouldn’t prefer this one. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 14 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY ? SBI Life: Though a little slow on the marketing propaganda, SBI Life has been consistently growing in the Indian life insurance market because of good service and a great brand image. Consumer perception for life insurance – According to the need life insurance is the second need of people, because nobody knows about future. Life is suffering from full of risk and incidents. Nobody knows that what would be a financial condition in coming time. To be secure about future people are speedily holding insurance policy. Insurance is actually a protection against economic loss, by sharing the risk with others. â€Å"Consumers need Life Insurance because typically the need for income continues for those who are financially dependent on them, but there is no guarantee of their ability to earn consistently and for the rest of their life. Life insurance can help them safeguard the financial needs of their family. This need has become even more important due to steady disintegration of the prevalent Joint family system and emergence of nuclear families. The need to protect their family’s ever growing needs is why they need Life Insurance†. Consumer buying behavior for buying life insurance policyA consumer buying behavior starts from need/requirement for product, then evaluation about product and decide product, which gives better satisfaction then take decision for buying. ? Need- Need or requirement is a primary model for buying a life insurance. A need arouse people to act of buy. Different person have different purpose for buying life insurance such as: investment for future security or family obligation (children education, children marriage) or risk cover. If there are individuals who depend on you for financial support, or if you work at home providing your family with such services as child care, cooking, and cleaning, you need life insurance. Older couples also may need life insurance to protect a surviving spouse against the possibility of the couple’s retirement savings being depleted by unexpected medical expenses. And individuals with substantial VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 15 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY assets may need life insurance to help reduce the effects of estate taxes or to transfer wealth to future generations. Information search- After recognize need, they search for limited amount of information regarding loyal companies, and its plan according to their desire. At the next level the person may enter an active information search: looking for regarding insurance, phoning friend, go online, meet to salesman and advertisement are rich source to gather information. ? Evaluation of alternatives- Having information about many companies, they evaluate which company giving better plan according to their’ admire within the budget. Second they look for certain benefits from the policy and stability of company. Third customer see Each insurance as a bundle of attributes with varying abilities for delivering the benefit sought to satisfy their need such as: ? ? Face Value — The original death benefit amount. Convertibility — Option to convert from one type of policy to another (whole life), usually without a physical examination. ? ? ? ? Cash Value — The savings portion of a policy that can be borrowed against or cashed in. Premiums — Monthly, quarterly, or yearly payments required to maintain coverage. Beneficiary — The individual(s) or entity (trust) that is designated as benefit recipient. Paid Up — A policy requiring no further premium payments due to prepayment or earnings. ? â€Å"Customers evaluate all positive and negative point of services according to importance and give preference to a better plan provided by company. † Purchase decision-. In the evaluation stage, customer form preference among the company, full filling their requirements. But there are few factors, which can divert consumer mind set. ? Other person can make them advice for another investment like: share market, bond, mutual fund and bank deposit or other alternatives. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 16 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY ? ? ? ? ? ? ? An unsatisfied policy holder can divert their mind. Customer is not getting a loyal salesperson. Customer is influenced by perceived risk for losing money. The policy is not giving up as ones expected. They attracted for other best investment. Ones may be a policy holder and not getting benefit as ones expected, so he is not getting decision for buy. Customer may be from rural area, he is not getting belief at company cause of conservative thinking. â€Å"If Customers get satisfaction struggling from these all factor, then they make decide for buy insurance policy. The Purchase Decision The purchase decision in general is prompt by number of factors viz. Psycho graphical, Economical, Social, Political legal and Demographical. The list is not exhaustive but it is sufficient to have the deep understanding of the factors influencing the decision. Psycho graphical Factors are those factors, which includes the behavioral aspect of the individual viz. lifestyle, living standard. Here purchase decision in influenced by those issues that affect the lifestyle of the consumer or in the other that reflects the status. For e. g. purchase decision related to buying of car and that to Mercedes Benz. Talking specifically to the insurance sector, here customer will buy only that policy that has got high premium or that type of policy which company is promoting to limited high-income level group only. For e. g. â€Å"Classic Life premier† policy of Birla Sun life insurance is meant for only those individual who can pay at least Rs. 25000/- per annum. Economical factorEconomical factors affect the purchase decision by influencing the issues pertaining to money and income level of the individual. Consumer will buy only that product which will not have any VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 17 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY negative effect on his pocket. For e. g. decision to buy an insurance policy is influenced by the deepness in the pocket. Social factorSocial factor affect the purchase decision by influencing the issues pertaining to social beliefs and morals. Person influenced by group and their family members. They buy mostly same plan from same company whether their friends or family members have it. Some time if ones want to buy a new plan from other companies, their family member remorse them to buy it. Political factorsPolitico legal is the macro level environment. It effects in a way, say IRDA has restricted the sale of Key Man Insurance policy through Term Plan only. Demographic factorDemographical factor is that factor which has got the maximum of its effect in the purchase decision of the product and especially if that product is life insurance product. It is so because these factors incorporate other above said factors and includes those factors that can influence the buying decision to maximum extent viz. Occupational factor (service/business), Age factor, Gender, Marital status factor and Income level etc. It cannot be denied that buying decision of the individual who is unmarried and is into business, having the income level of the range Rs. 2. 4 lakhs per annum, is into the age group of say 25 years have the entirely different approach towards purchase of the life insurance policy with the individual who is into service and is married, is into the age group of, say 35, and is earning Rs. 30000/- per month. Keeping the above phenomena under consideration a study was conducted to know exactly to what extent Demographical factor has got its influence in purchase decision of the life insurance product. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 18 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY The Study This study, which was conducted in the city of Bangarmau (Utter Pradesh), covered almost 50 individual of different status. The duration of the study was almost one month. The method which we used to collect the information was through questionnaire and personnel interview. The data so collected was grouped according to the company of the consumer’s choice from where they have purchased the product and further it was analyzed that what was the demographic profile of that consumer and result was thus generalized. The study covered 50 individuals, of which 84 % were found insured and 16 % uninsured. Of the total insured 75% were from 21-45 age group and 25 % were from age group 46-60. It was 78 % of the male who was there in the total insured and rest 22% were female. Occupation wise 40 % of the total insured were into service and 60 % into business. Thus the overall penetration of companies in to the psyche of consumer buying preference (based on the customer’s purchase of a company’s life insurance policy) is given in the graph as under: Types of consumer- There are two kinds of customers according to their region? Urban customer? Rural customer- I did my research in rural area. It is my home town name is Bangarmau. I find that people having lack of knowledge and awareness about life insurance. Here insurance adviser playing a vital role to make them aware and convenience them for buying life insurance policy. In the exact word I can say that people don’t buy policy here, they buy belief of adviser. They buy it on the basis of reputation and loyalty of insurance adviser. Here customer do not worry about their security, they buy it as a investment, which should give them good return in very short of time. I find that if adviser does not push them for having life insurance, number of people would be very less to buy life insurance. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 19 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY The main factor is unawareness, that’s why they do not believe at Pvt Company. They have fear about lost their money, because they don’t know what IRDA is and what it is work. QuestionnairesI prepared 13 questionnaires to know about consumers’ perception for buying life insurance policy. 1-Whether you have life insurance policy? life insurance 50 40 30 20 10 0 yes No 8 yes No 42 2- As what purpose did you buy it? VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 20 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY policy holder investment family obligation saving tax 10% 19% 71% 3-If yes, which company life insurance you have? COMPANY NO. OF POLICY (x-8. 4) HOLDER (x) S. D. LIC SBI Reliance ICICI Bajaj 26 4 6 0 6 17. 6 -4. 4 -2. 4 -8. 4 -2. 4 9. 11 I did survey around 50 people at Bangarmau. I find that consumer mostly prefer LIC for life insurance. Actually it is a business town and people do not have enough knowledge about regulatory authority, that’s why they do not believe on other Pvt. companies. I got above 60% people have policy of LIC out of 42 policyholder. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 21 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY Three more Pvt. Insurance companies are providing service at Bangarmau, but consumers are less responsive for those companies, it is less than 40 % customer hold by these companies. Mean for all these customer towards company is 8. 4 and standard deviation is 9. 11. 4-What was the source of medium, you buy it? T. V. Insurance adviser Other 6 34 2 Here customer do not go at company to buy policy, they always need a agent to make them understand about the better plans and companies, which is good service responsiveness. Those people belong to the service sector, they influenced towards TV and other sources for buying policy -What is the feature of your policy attracted to you? Low premium High risk coverage Money back guarantee Reputation of company Agents convictions 2 2 12 3 23 VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 22 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY Most of the policyholder in this region are businessman, they need only high growth of their money that’s why they maximum attracted by money back guarantee, but agent attracted them a lot. They make them understand better plans. Customer influenced by agents behavior and they believe upon company, what they suggest them. -Now you are satisfied with your policy? Satisfied Not satisfied Not respondent 36 4 2 7- People perception at appropriate age for buying life insurance policy? VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, HYDERABAD Page 23 CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR FOR LIFE INSURANCE POLICY Age No. (X) Mean Standard deviation lt; 25 year 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 above 3 15 12 5 5 2 0. 6 3 2. 4 1 1 0. 4 1. 07 5. 36 4. 29 1. 78 1. 76 0. 71 Customer belongs to 25 -45 maximum prefer the insurance policy sake of growth of money and saving the tax. People, who are less than 25 year are students, How to cite Consumer Buying Behavior for Life Insurance, Essays

Privilege from being an asian girl

It is generally accepted that Asian countries have low regard to the girl child. As a result of their low perception on girls, most Asians do not take their girls to school as they regard it as a waste of resources. Majority of them believe that girls should not go to school, but remain at home with their mothers to be taught on how to look after the kids and cook.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Privilege from being an asian girl specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lack of education is the reason that has resulted to most of Asian women becoming house wives. As a result of the training they get, most of Asian women are caring and responsible. They have great respects to their parents and the elderly. They usually devote most of their time in looking after their children. They are very welcoming and speak very politely to everyone. Thus they are regarded as a model woman for many men. Moreover they are known to be v ery understanding and patient and stay to their husbands and support them despite occasionally being let down by them. Some people link their great patience and understanding to the training that they receive while still very young, while others associate it with their inadequate education that makes them helpless and vulnerable (Tsui 20). China is becoming the world’s biggest market, and thus more companies from the west are expanding their business operations to this new niche. In addition, many companies are more than willing to expand to China due to the low cost of production associated with it as a result of the presence of cheap labor. Expansion of these companies to China means more job opportunities for the Chinese. Due to the inadequate education of many Chinese girls, most of them are employed as casual laborers. Therefore, being among the few Chinese girls that are educated and well conversant in both written and spoken Chinese and English language gives me an upp er hand than most of my fellow Chinese girls to get a very reputable job with these multinational companies. My parents both of them having being educated ensured that I received proper and quality education. They did not become victim to the perception held by many people during their days that girls’ education was not important (Importance of girls’/women’s education par.5). An interview with one of my friend who did not have the opportunity to go to school revealed how desperate some Chinese women are. The name of the lady that I interviewed is Terry and she is married to a Chinese Man referred as Tom and they have one kid.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When I asked her how she was fairing after parting with her for about ten years, when I left China to go to US to advance my studies. This is what she had to say, â€Å"I have realized how important ed ucation is for us women and with the current husbands that are less supportive and abusive.† Thus, the education that I received has helped me get a competitive edge to many Chinese girls that missed this opportunity. Majority of these ladies can only be employed as casual laborers while I stand a better chance to compete with my fellow Chinese men for the white color jobs which are more rewarding. Thus, my failure to get married in my early days like my other friends has greatly helped me advance my education. Most of my fellow friends are current married, but unhappy as noted from Terry’s remark that the current husbands are abusive and unsupportive. In the former days Chinese girls were regarded as being less attractive as they were mostly taken as being boring, conservative and unsexy, but this perception have changed nowadays with the mass education of the Chinese girl child .Currently the Chinese have realized the importance of taking their girls to school. Curren tly there are many Chinese women that are very educated. Others have even gone to further their carriers in the U.S. and U.K. These women stand better opportunity to secure lucrative job both in these countries or back in China. Education has empowered the Chinese women financially even to be ranked among the leading richest women in the globe. Zhang Yin who is a Chinese woman is ranked as the leading richest self made woman in the world. She is the initiator of a giant paper recycling plant in China that is worth billions of dollars. Similarly, among the 20 richest women in the world, 11 are Chinese. Thais illustrates how education can transform individuals and the society at range (Whats On Ningbo par 3-8). The high preference of free and open worldwide economy makes investors shun away from investing in those countries that have high illiteracy or wide gap in education attainment between men and women. This is because the prevalent great advancement in technology has resulted to firms looking for skilled labor rather than unskilled one.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Privilege from being an asian girl specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is as a result of the high automation of most of the tasks in many organizations and corporate to enhance efficiency and production. Therefore, even those countries that did not perceive the girls’ education as being important like china has realized how significant it is and enrolled their girls to school in large numbers up to the highest level. This has greatly helped the Asian countries and especially China to acknowledge the importance of the education of the girl child. The government and relevant organizations are currently extremely campaigning for the education of the girl child to increase the women literacy in China and also bridge the wide education attainment gap that exists between the men and women. This will be a very strategic move for the government to strengthen its vibrant economy (Tsui 20). The education of the Chinese girls has greatly transformed people’s perception about them as being unattractive and conservative. Empowering them academically has enabled the Chinese women to become more independent, assertive and social. In addition, Chinese girls are still very good in executing their family duties such as being good in cooking, looking after their husbands and kids and particularly ensuring they receive appropriate education. For instance, being a Chinese girl that is well educated and having lived in the U.S., have helped me appreciate how the Chinese girl child has transformed such that nowadays many people from all over the world and especially men are very eager to learn more about the Chinese girls and most of them have ended marrying them due to their exceptional characteristics. Works Cited Importance of girls’/women’s education. 2008 Web.https://www.right-to-educatio n.org/node/187 Tsui, Ming. The Only Child and Educational Opportunity for Girls in Urban China. Hong Kong: Mississippi State University, 2010, print. Whats On Ningbo, â€Å"Zhang Yin, CEO of China’s Nine Dragons Paper, is world’s richest woman.† 2010. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Privilege from being an asian girl was written and submitted by user Valerie Kent to help you with your own studies. 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